What is the term used for the epidermis around the base of the nail plate that protects the matrix?

The term used for the epidermis around the base of the nail plate that serves as a protective barrier for the matrix is known as the eponychium. The eponychium is the layer of skin that overlaps the base of the nail plate and helps safeguard the underlying matrix, which is essential for nail growth.

The cuticle, while often confused with the eponychium, specifically refers to the dead tissue that is at the nail's edge, which may need to be pushed back or removed during manicure processes.

It is important to differentiate between these terms as they each have specific anatomical roles. The perionychium refers to the skin that surrounds the entire nail unit, but it is not limited solely to the base of the nail. The nail bed, on the other hand, is the area beneath the nail plate where the actual nail adheres, playing a role in nail health but not in protecting the matrix.

Understanding these terms enhances knowledge in nail anatomy, which is vital for effective manicure and pedicure practices in beauty therapy.